Enabling artificial photosynthesis systems with molecular recycling: A review of photo- and electrochemical methods for regenerating organic sacrificial electron donors

• Grace A. Lowe

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2023, 19, 1198–1215, doi:10.3762/bjoc.19.88

• by Girault, Scanlon and co-workers on photocatalytic water splitting [33][34][35]. They used the redox mediator decamethylferrocene (DcMFc) in biphasic systems and semi-immobilized their photosensitizers and catalysts at interfaces between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (ITIES). This

Synthesis of odorants in flow and their applications in perfumery

• Merlin Kleoff,
• Paul Kiler and
• Philipp Heretsch

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2022, 18, 754–768, doi:10.3762/bjoc.18.76

• min isoamyl acetate (10) is obtained in 59% yield according to GC analysis [26]. Related methods for the enzyme-catalyzed acetylation of isoamyl alcohol (9) have been developed utilizing biphasic systems, supercritical carbon dioxide as a solvent, or packed-bed reactors with immobilized enzymes [27

A comprehensive review of flow chemistry techniques tailored to the flavours and fragrances industries

• Guido Gambacorta,
• James S. Sharley and
• Ian R. Baxendale

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1181–1312, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.90

Latest development in the synthesis of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA): a critical review

• Fabio Tonin and
• Isabel W. C. E. Arends

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 470–483, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.33

• the protein and makes the system work also at higher concentrations of co-solvent [105]. However, working with a diluted solution, produce a large amount of wastewater that had to be treated. Another option is represented by biphasic systems: In these cases, the organic phase works as reservoir of

• in chloroform are 7.6 and 14.4 mM, respectively [102]). Several attempts to carry out hydroxysteroid transformations in biphasic systems were reported [106][107][108]: good conversions and an increase of reaction rates were observed for 7-OH and 3-OH epimerizations. In these cases the reactions were

A direct method for the N-tetraalkylation of azamacrocycles

• Andrew J. Counsell,
• Angus T. Jones,
• Matthew H. Todd and
• Peter J. Rutledge

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 2457–2461, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.239

• ] and POV-Ray [52]. Ellipsoids shown at 50% probability. The asymmetric unit consists of one half of the ligand and one perchlorate anion. N-Tetraalkylation of cyclam (1) and cyclen (2) with alkyl halides in partially miscible aqueous–organic biphasic systems. Reagents and conditions: H2O/CH3CN (1:1

A flow reactor setup for photochemistry of biphasic gas/liquid reactions

• Josef Schachtner,
• Patrick Bayer and
• Axel Jacobi von Wangelin

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 1798–1811, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.170

• attention should be directed at the homogeneity of the liquid phase in case of, e.g., limited solubility or biphasic systems which might require the addition of a co-solvent, prior filtration of the solution phase, or the installation of an upstream filter. It is important to consider that most HPLC pumps

Three new trixane glycosides obtained from the leaves of Jungia sellowii Less. using centrifugal partition chromatography

• Luíse Azevedo,
• Larissa Faqueti,
• Marina Kritsanida,
• Antonia Efstathiou,
• Despina Smirlis,
• Gilberto C. Franchi Jr,
• Grégory Genta-Jouve,
• Sylvie Michel,
• Louis P. Sandjo,
• Raphaël Grougnet and
• Maique W. Biavatti

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 674–683, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.68

• sellowii was investigated using liquid–liquid partition and centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC), which is related to the counter-current chromatography (CCC) [22]. The chromatographic behavior of the butanol fraction of the leaves of J. sellowii was evaluated in six different biphasic systems

Atherton–Todd reaction: mechanism, scope and applications

• Stéphanie S. Le Corre,
• Mathieu Berchel,
• Hélène Couthon-Gourvès,
• Jean-Pierre Haelters and
• Paul-Alain Jaffrès

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 1166–1196, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.117

• liquid/solid biphasic systems. They observed that the second reaction conditions (i.e., the ones without the addition of water) produced better results with yields between 72 and 86%. In this reaction NaOH or K2CO3 was used as a base, tetrabutylammonium bromide as a phase-transfer agent and CCl4 as a

Efficient and selective chemical transformations under flow conditions: The combination of supported catalysts and supercritical fluids

• M. Isabel Burguete,
• Eduardo García-Verdugo and
• Santiago V. Luis

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2011, 7, 1347–1359, doi:10.3762/bjoc.7.159

• to a limited number of fields, a significant development in this area can be envisaged for the near future due to the clear advantages of these systems over the conventional ones. Keywords: biphasic systems; continuous flow processes; enantioselective catalysis; immobilized catalysts; polymer